and which have been the marvel of the world ever since. No chance for the mildest of voluptuaries in these rigid requirements. Little enough of attraction in the king business for the average man, seeking a little fun by the wayside. Nizam ul Mulk's sovereign must be almost superhuman, sloughing the failings of common clay. Not for him the weaknesses of anger, hatred, envy, pride, greed, avarice, malice, lust, selfishness impulsiveness, lying, ingratitude or frivolity, but he must train himself to the ways of modesty, gentleness humility, patience, pity and control of temper. £'· must be clement, grateful, generous and staunch, an4 have both love of knowledge and justice. The marvel is that he seems to have attained more nearly to this standard of the angels than would seem humanly possible. Unquestionably his example was in the mind of Saladin when he came into power. The list of the definite duties laid down by Malek Shah's stern prime minister called for the exercise of many of the virtues listed above. Twice a week he must sit in audience and receive all comers, and give due heed to their wants and grievances. The right of petition must be open to the meanest subject, and there must be no go-betweens. Whether he be of the great unwashed or redolent of myrrh and frankincense, the monarch must give him his personal attention, listening patiently and rendering his decision only after full consideration. One weighty judgment, said the vizier, is of more service to a king than a mighty army.