even the protection of the Archbishop did not save these from the mob led by Count Emicho, which burst in the doors of the archiépiscopal residence and massacred men, women and children. The Christian inhabitants of a village near Ancyra, coming out to welcome the invaders, with the Cross at the head of the procession, are ruthlessly pillaged. The subjects of the Emperor of Constantinople are robbed and maltreated at the very time he is providing food and shelter, and the King of Hungary has to fight to keep control of his cities. But, it must always be remembered that here were vast hordes of the ignorant aroused to hysteria, seeking hungrily for sign or portent which should indicate the anticipated intervention and guidance of the Lord, ready instruments of the first madman or scoundrel who produced the spark to set this inflammable tinder into roaring flame. It is not the evil-minded alone who make the martyrdom of man. Whatever God may really have wished has not been made known to this day, but we do know there were many ups and downs in the fierce struggle of the two contenders for the, glory of expressing the Divine will. Five different armies started from Europe at different times in the year 1096, four led by knights of valor and consequence, — Godfrey of Bouillon, Duke of Lorraine ; Bohemond, son of the Duke of Apulia and Calabria ; Raymond, Duke of Narbonne, and Robert of Normandy, son of William the Conqueror. The first to reach Asia Minor, a ragged, broken mob, was