A.D. 1199. DEATH OF KING RICHARD. 453 chadès and the whole of the army to make assaults on the castle without intermission, until it should be taken ; which was accordingly done. After its capture, the king ordered all the people to be hanged, him alone excepted who had wounded him, whom, as we may reasonably suppose, he would have condemned to a most shocking death if he had recovered. After this, the king gave himself into the hands of a physician of Marchadès, who, after attempting to extract the iron head, extracted the wood only, while the iron remained in the flesh ; but after this butcher had carelessly mangled the king's arm in every part, he at last extracted the arrow. When the king was now in despair of surviving, he devised to his brother John, the kingdom of England and all his other territories, and ordered fealty to be dono to the aforesaid John by those who were present, and commanded that his castles should be delivered to him, and three-fourths of his treasures. All his jewels he devised to his nephew Otho, the king of Germany, and the fourth part of his treasure he ordered to be distributed among his servants and the poor. He then ordered Bertram de Gurdun, who had wounded him, to come into his presence, and said to him, " What harm have I done to you, that you have kBled me ?" On which he made answer, " You slew my father and my two brothers with your own hand, and you had intended now to kiU me ; therefore, take any revenge on me that you may think fit, for I will readily endure the greatest torments you can devise, so long as you have met with your end, after having inflicted evils so many and so great upon the world." On this, the king ordered him to be released, and said, " I forgive you my death." But the youth " stood before the feet of the king, and with scowling features, and undaunted neck, did his courage demand the sword. The king was aware that punishment was wished for, and that pardon was dreaded. 'Live on,'said he, ' although thou art unwilling, and by my bounty behold the Bght of day. To the conquered faction now let there be bright hopes, and the example of myseB.'-29 And then, after being released from his 2 6 This is an adaptation from the Pharsalia of Lucan, where he describes the surrender of Domitius Ahenobarbus to Cœsar at Corfinium, B. ii. 1.510 —516. The following is the version in the text :— " Constitit ante pedes regis, vultuque minaci, Nobilitas recta ferrmn cervice proposcit ; Sensit rex pœnamque peti, veniamque timeri ; Vive, licet nolis, et nostro munere, dixit,