A.D. 1191. LETTER OP POPE CELESTIKTjS. 261 and reserved ; it being also arranged that the citation, if it should be necessary to be made, should be made at the end of the said intervening time, and in like form to that used on the day on which it had first been made, that is to say, on the day of Saint Calixtus. In the same year, Roger, the constable of Chester, in whose hands the chancellor had placed the castles of Nottingham and Tickhill, took two prisoners, Alan de Lec and Peter de Boueneourt, of the number of those to whom he had entrusted the charge of the said castles, and hanged them both, because they had consented to the treachery of Bobert de Crokston and Eudo de DivBle, who had deBvered those castles to John, earl of Mortaigne. The earl of Mortaigne, being exasperated at this, laid waste the whole of his lands which were in his jurisdiction. In the same year, "WBBam, king of the Scots, sent his envoys to Celestinus, the Supreme Pontiff, for the purpose of confirming the Bberties of the churches of his realm, and found grace in the eyes of our lord the pope ; upon which our lord the pope wrote to him to the foUowing effect : " Celestinus, the bishop, servant of the servants of God, to his most dearly beloved son in Christ, WBliam, the Ulustrious king of the Scots, health, and the ApostoBc" benediction. Whereas aB who are subject to the yoke of Christ ought to find favour and protection with the ApostoBc See ; stiB those, in especial, is it right to strengthen, with every possible encouragement, whose fidelity and dutifulness have been in many instances experienced ; to the end that they may be more fuBy induced to gain the favour of His love, and with more duteous affection show Him aB reverence, the more they feel assured that they shaB obtain the pledge of His benevolence and favour. Wherefore, most dearly beloved son in Christ, holding in mind the feeBngs of reverence and dutifulness which, for a long time past, we have known you to entertain towards the Roman Church, in the page of this present writing we have thought fit to enact that the Scottish Church shaB be subject to the ApostoBc See, as an especial daughter thereof, without the intervention of any person whatever ; in which the foBowing are recognized as the episcopal sees, namely, the churches of Saint Andrew's, Glasgow, Dunkeld, Dumblane, Brechin, Aberdeen, Moray, Ross, and Caithness. Also, it is to be lawful for no one but the Roman Pontiff, or his legate 'a latere,' to