A.D. 1190. LAMENT ON THE EXPEDITION TO JERUSALEM. 141 have his head cropped after the manner of a champion,50 and boiling pitch shall be poured thereon, and then the feathers of a cushion shall be shaken61 out upon him, so that he may be known, and at the first land at which the ships shall touch, he shall be set on shore. "Witness myself, at Chinon.'' The king also gave orders, in another writ of his, that all his subjects who were about to proceed to sea should pay obedience to the orders and commands of the before-named justices of his fleet. After this, the king proceeded to Tours, and there62 received the scrip and staff of his pilgrimage from the hands of William, archbishop of Tours; but it so happened that, while the king was leaning on the staff, it broke asunder. After this, the said king, and Philip, king of Prance, met at Vezelay, where rests the body of Saint Mary Magdalen. Here they stayed two days, and left the place on the octave of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist. When they had arrived at the city of Lyons on the Rhone, after they with the greater part of their households had passed over the bridge across that river, the bridge, being thronged with men and women, broke down, not without doing Bijury to great numbers. Here also the two kings separated, in consequence of the multitude of men who foBowed them, as one place was not sufficient to hold them. Accordingly, the king of Prance, with his troops, went on to Genoa, whBe the king of England proceeded with his to Marseilles. A Lament on the Expedition to Jerusalem.™ " Most grievous are the days which have come upon us, and worthy to be graced with no white stone. Por the woes have ministered to our grief which Holy Jerusalem is known to 5 0 Champions, before commencing the combat, had the hair cut close, probably for the purpose of offering no unfair advantage to the antagogonist, by reason of the length of the hair and the facilities thereby offered for pulling them to the ground. 5 1 This is a very early instance of the practice of tarring and feathering. 5 2 Roger of Wendover says that he received it at Vezelay. 5 S This lament consists of thirty-two monkish lines, in rhymes of four. The first four will serve as a specimen :— " Graves nobis admodum dies efBuxere Qui lapillis candidis digni non fuere. Nam luctus materiam mala praebuere, Quae sanctam Jerusalem constat sustinere." It is not improbable that this was a song generally sung by the Crusaders.