to Normandy, and on the confines of France and Normandy, giving his attention to military exercises, took pleasure in making himself a match for knights of reputation in arms ; and the more ardently did he seek for fame to attend his prowess, from knowing that his brothers, king Henry, and Bichard, earl of Poitou, had gained great renown in arms. However, they had but one common feeling, and that was, to excel others in feats of arms ; being well aware that the seienee of war, if not practised beforehand, cannot be gained when it becomes necessary. Nor indeed can the athlete bring high spirit to the eontest, who has never been trained to practise it. It is the man who has seen his own blood, whose teeth have rattled beneath another's fist, who when tripped up has strove against his adversary with his entire body, and though thrown has not lost his mettle, and who, as oft as he fell, has risen more determined, more bold, who goes forth with ardent hopes to the combat. For valour when aroused adds greatly to itself; transitory is the glory of the mind that is subjected to terror. Without any fault of his, he is overcome by the immensity of the weight, who comes to bear the burden and is unequal thereto, zealous though he may be. Well is the reward paid for toil, when is found the temple of victory. In the same year, William, arehbishop of Rheims, came into England on a pilgrimage to the blessed Thomas the Martyr, at Canterbury, and was met, with congratulations, by the king of England, the father, who honored him with becoming presents. In the same year, pope Alexander sent his legates into all parts of the world that were subject to him, for the purpose of inviting the prelates of the Church to come to Rome at the beginning of Lent in the following year, to hold a solemn and general council there. For when the violence of maladies, with rapid steps, is hastening to the very vitals, no salutary counsel is able to extend a hand to check it, except through the conference of numbers. Accordingly, there came into England two legates, namely, Albert de Suma, who was commissioned to summon the bishops and abbats of England and Normandy, and Peter de Santa Agatha, whose commission it was to summon the bishops and abbats of Scotland and Ireland and the adjoining islands. Accordingly, the said Peter de Santa Agatha, for obtaininglieenee to pass through the territories of the king of England, made oath, touching the holy Evan