A.D. 1070. MALCOLM MARRIES MARGARET. 147 witness the cruelties they were guilty of towards the English. Some aged men and women were decapitated with the sword ; others, like swine intended for food, were pierced through and through with lances ; infants were torn from the breasts of their mothers, thrown aloft into the air, and on falling, received upon the points of lances, sharp weapons being thickly planted in the ground. The Scots, more savage than wild beasts, took delight in these cruelties, as though a spectacle of games; and thus did the age of innocence, destined to attain heaven, breathe its last, suspended between heaven-and earth. But the young men and young women, and whoever besides seemed adapted for toil and labour, were driven away in fetters in front of the enemy, to endure a perpetual exile in captivity as servants and handmaids. Some of these, while running before those who drove them on, became fatigued to a degree beyond what tbeir strength could endure, and, as they sank to the ground on the spot, the same was the place of their fall and of their death. While beholding these scenes, Malcolm was moved to compassion by no tears, no groans of the wretched creatures ; but, on the contrary, gave orders that they should be perseveringly driven onward in their course. In consequence of this, Scotland became filled with men-Bervants and maid-servants of English parentage ; so much so, that even at the present day not only not even the smallest village, but not even the humblest house is to be found without them. After the return of Malcolm to Scotland, bishop Egelwin having set sail with the view of proceeding to Cologne, a contrary wind arose and drove him back upon the coast of Scotland, which also, after a speedy passage, brought thither the Clito Edgar with his above-named companions. On this, king Malcolm, with the full consent of his relations, married Margaret, the sister of Edgar, a woman ennobled by her royal birth, but much more ennobled by her wisdom and piety, through whose zeal and untiring efforts the king himself, laying aside his barbarian manners, became more virtuous and more civilized. By her he had six sons—Edward, Edmund, king Edgar, Ethelred, king Alexander, king David, and two daughters, Matilda, queen of the English, and Mary, who became the wife of Eustace, earl of Boulogne. L 2