they had come thither under the guidance and conduct of others. For at this time all that maritime district» or indeed one may say all France, as far as the Alps, being stirred by the king of France, Peter, earl of Savoy, Boniface, archbishop of Canterbury, and the bishop elect of Lyons, and the other noble relations of the queen, conspired against the English, who were standing in arms against king Henry; and even the'other parts of Europe, such as Brittany, Guienne, and Spain, the sister of the king of which country was married to prince Edward, were also excited with similar hostile feelings, and were full of hatred and vehement indignation against them. But the illustrious earl of Anjou favoured the party of the earl of Leicester, being his brother, and, as it was said, bound to him by an oath of fidelity ; but the apostolic man before mentioned, Urban, before he had fulfilled his promised vow, which he had some time before solemnly made to the English, ended his days at a very fortunate time for them. And about this time, Elerius, abbot of Pershore, on account of his ill health, resigned his oftice, and Henry was canonically elected as his successor. Now the lords Marchers, who have been mentioned above, rising in rebellion, according to their usual practice, broke the treaty of peace which they had made, and came to an agreement among themselves ; and while the aforesaid earl of Leicester, having collected an armed force, was advancing towards the Marches, as has been mentioned before, they traversed the provinces on both sides of the Severn with their army, which was always accustomed to plunder and rapine, agitating the natives ail around with fear and excessive trembling, to such a degree, that wherever they appeared the men of the province fled to the churches, and made themselves abodes in the cemeteries, for the sake of saving their fives and properties. The chief author of this evil was Hamond Strange, a man of the greatest notoriety as a plunderer, who, although he had often borne himself gallantly in the shock of battle, nevertheless, in consequence of his tyrannical cruelty, deservedly received the brand of Traso, instead of his name of Tyro.1 And they strengthened themselves by the castles which they took Tyro means a recruit or novice. I suppose Traso must be derived from the Greek, θρασύς, bold, meaning here pitiless, or shameless. liso, it should be Thraso, as it is in Terence.