• A.D. 1199. KING OP THE SCOTS SENDS ENVOYS TO NORMANDY. 457 of the dukedom of Normandy, in the mother church of that city, by the hand of Walter, archbishop of Rouen ; on which occasion, the before-named archbishop placed on the head of the duke, a circlet of gold, having on the top thereof, around the border, roses worked in gold. The duke made oath in the presence of the clergy and the people, upon - the relics of the Saints and the Holy Evangelists, that he would preserve the Holy Church and'its dignities inviolate, with good faith and without evil intent, and would exercise strict justice, and destroy unjust laws, and establish good ones. In the meantime, queen Eleanor, the mother of the said duke, and Marchadès, with his Routiers, entered Anjou, and ravaged it, because its people had received Arthur. Hubert, archbishop of Canterbury, and William Marshal, who had been sent to preserve the peace in England, made the subjects of that kingdom, both in the cities, as also the boroughs, and the earls, and barons, and freholders, swear fealty, and to observe the peace towards John, duke of the Normans, son of king Henry, the son of the empress Matilda, against all men. However, the whole of the bishops, as well as such earls and barons as had castles, strengthened the same with men, provisions, and arms. Upon this, Hubert, archbishop of Canterbury, AVilliam Marshal, and Geoffrey Fitz-Peter, justiciary of England, met at Northampton, and summoning before them those persons of whom they had the greatest doubts,namely,David, brother of the king of the δοοίβ,"^ Richard, earl of Clare, Ranulph, earl of Chester, William, earl I of Tewkesbury, Walran, earl of Warwick, Roger, constable of / Chester, William de Mowbray, and many others, earls as well as barons, they pledged their word to them, that John, duke of Normandy, would give to each of them his due, if they would preserve their fealty to him, and keep the peace. According^, on these terms, the aforesaid earls and barons swore fealty and faithful service to John, duke of Normandy, against all men. · — William, king of the Scots, however, sent his envoys to John, duke of Normandy, demanding restitution of his patrimony, namely, Northumberland and Cumberland, with their appurtenances, on which he would swear fealty to him, and faithfully serve him against all men. But the archbishop of Canterbury, William Marshal, and Geoffrey Fitz-Peter, would not allow the messengers of the king of Scotland to cross