CHAPTER XVII. THE MOHAMMEDAN PILGRIMS. " Proclaim unto the people a solemn pilgrimage ; let them come unto thee on foot, and on every lean camel, arriving from every distant road ; that they be witnesses of the advantages which accrue from visiting this holy place."—Cor'ân, cap. xxii. w . 28, 29. THEUE are two kinds of pilgrimage in Islam, the Hajj and the Ziyareh. The first is the greater pilgrimage to the shrine of Mecca, and this it is absolutely incumbent upon every Muslim to perform once at least in his life. As the injunction is, however, judiciously qualified by the stipulation that the true believer shall have botjh the will and the power to comply with it, a great many avoid the tedious and difficult journey. The second, or Ziyareh, consists in " visiting " the tombs of saints, or other hallowed spots, and is an easier and more economical means of grace, as the pilgrim can choose his shrine for himself. Next to that of Mecca and Medina, the pilgrimage to Jerusalem is most esteemed by Mohammedan devotees ; and, as we have already seen, political exigencies have, on more occasions than one, caused it to be substituted for the more orthodox and genuine Hajj. While all Muslims are enjoined to visit Mecca, they are recommended to go to Jerusalem. Plenary indulgence and future rewards are promised to those who visit the Holy City, and the effect of all prayers