CHAPTER III. Hugh de Payens returns to Palestine—His death—Robert de Croon made Master —Success of the Infidels—The second Crusade—The Templars assume the Red Cross—Their gallant actions and high discipline—Lands, manors, and churches granted them in England—Bernard de Tremelay made Master—He is slain by the Infidels—Bertrand de Blanquefort made Master—He is taken prisoner, and sent in chains to Aleppo—The Pope writes letters in praise of the Templars—Their religious and military enthusiasm—Their war banner called lieauseant—The rise of the rival religio-military order of the Hospital of St. John ....... 36 CHAPTER IV. The conteste between Saladin and the Templars—The vast privileges of the Templars—The publication of the boll, omse datum optimum—The Pope declares himself the immediate Bishop of the entire Order—The different classes of Templars—The knights—Priests—Serving brethren—The hired soldiers—The great officer* of the Temple—Punishment of cowardice—The Master of the Temple is taken prisoner, and dies in a dungeon—Saladin's great successes—The Christians purchase a truce—The Master of the Temple and the Patriarch Heraclius proceed to England for succour—The consecration of the TcirpLE CHURCH at LONDON . . .6 0 CHAPTER V. The Temple at London—The vast possessions of the Templars in England—The territorial divisions of the order—The different preceptoriea in this country— The privileges conferred on the Templars by the kings of England—The Masters of the Temple at London—Their power and importance s 1 CHAPTER VI. The Patriarch Heracììue quarrels with the king of England—He returns to Palestine without succour—The disappointments and gloomy forebodings of the Templars—They prepare to resist Saladin—Their defeat and slaughter—