A.D. 1210.] LOUIS H'liDtl '.S nu ; l'IÌOVIXfJKS. the citizens who hail been waiting his arrivai there, whilst lie himself swore on the holy gospels that he would grant good laws and restore their inheritances to each and all of them. He also wrote to the king of Scots and to all the liohles of England who had not yet done homage to him, ordering them to make their fealty to him, or to retire with all speed from England. At this command, there came to him William earl of Warrene, W. earl of Arundel. W. earl of Salisbury, W. Maresehal the younger, and many others besides them, abandoning king .John, as though they were ipiite sure that Louis would obtain the kingdom. Louis appointed Master Simon Langton his chancellor, wdio preached to the citizens of London, as well as the excommunicated barons, when tiiey performed divine service, and also induced Louis himself to agree to it, Wnlo tlie legale follows Louis to England. About this same time, Walo the legate, when he was informed of Louis's departure to England, as a diligent agent of the apostolic mandate, crossed the sea to follow him, and passing through the enemies unhurt, he rame to kin;: John at Gloucester ; the latter received him with great pleasure, and rested all his hopes of being able to oppose his enemies on him. The legate then convoked all the bishops, abbats, and clergy whom he could muster, and, amidst the ringing of bells, and with lighted tapers, excommunicated by name the said Louis, with all his accomplices and abettors, especially Master Simon Langton, at the same time ordering the said bishops and all others to make this sentence public throughout all England, on every Sunday and feast day ; but to all this, Master Simon Langton and Master Gervase d'llobregge, precentor of St. Paul's church at London, and several others, made reply, that they had appealed on Indiali' of Louis, and therefore that they considered that sentence as null and void. At this time, all the knights and soldiers from the country if Flanders and the transmarine provinces, except only those ι f Poictou. abandoned the cause of king John, some of them joining Louis, and others returning home. /loie Louis sulxlued lite southern provinces of England. Louis about this time left the city of London with a large