day, in the presence of all the people, who had assembled to the festival, both citizens and strangers, ascending the pulpit, excommunicated, with lighted candles, all the hereditary customs of England, their observers, defenders, and abettors generally, and byname, Eichard de Lucy, Richard archdeacon of Poictiers, Joceline de Baliol, Alan de Neville, and several others : but all these, having been excommunicated in their absence, without having been either summoned or found guilty, appealed to the pope, notifying the same to the arch • bishop, ?nd did not abstain from entering the church. Not long after, William of Pavia and John of Naples were sent legates, a latere,* by the sovereign pontiff, and they summoned king Henry and the archbishop to meet them at Montmirail. Thomas did not fail to perceive that they were inclined to favour the king's views, but he nevertheless submitted to their judgment, on condition that, according to the laws of the church, himself and his clerks should first be replaced in possession of all that had been taken from them ; but, as the legates were neither willing nor able to consent to this, they returned to their court without success ; first, however, having absolved those whom the archbishop had excommunicated. Alan de Neville was absolved by Gilbert, bishop of London, conditionally, upon his oath, that on his road to Jerusalem he would call on our lord the pope, and abide by his sentence. At the same time, Louis, king of France, came to Pontigny, and, to save the Cistertian order from the effects of king Henry's anger, because they had now harboured archbishop Thomas two years, he took the archbishop with him to Sens, and maintained him there four years in the monastery of St. Columba. A t the same time, also, a tax of fourpence per hide was levied throughout England to send assistance to the Holy Land : and some preachers of false doctrines at Oxford were dragged before the tribunals, in the presence of the king and the bishops ; by whose judgment they were convicted of having departed from the catholic faith, and, having first been branded in the face that all men might know them, they were expelled the kingdom. The same year Eleanor, queen of England, bore a son, and called his name John. Also, Robert, the eighteenth * So called from the place which they occupied on the tide of the pope.