364 ROGER OF "WENDOVER. [A.D. 1093 queen Margaret heard of it, she was weighed down, both in mind andbody, even to death's door ; for she went to the church, where she made confession, and received the communion, and died breathing out her spirit in prayer to the Almighty. The Scots then chose Duvenal,* Malcolm's brother, to be their king ; but Duncan, Malcolm's son, who was a hostage at the court of William, with the help of the English king, drove out his uncle and succeeded his father on the throne. In the same year, John, bishop of Wells, born at Tours, with the consent of the king, removed his see from Wells to Bath. The rebuilding of Carlisle. A.D . 1093. King William rebuilt Carlisle, which had now been desolate for two hundred years since the invasion of the Danes, and repeopled it with inhabitants from the south of England. In the same year, there was so great an inundation that no one ever remembered the like to have happened before ; and, at length, on the approach of winter, the rivers were so frozen that persons could ride over them on horseback : but a sudden thaw came, and broke down the bridges with the masses of ice which were carried down against them. Tlds year also, Ivo, provost of Beauvais, was consecrated bishop of Chartres by pope Urban, and a streak of fire passed across the heavens from south to north on the 1st of August ; after which there was a severe famine, followed by so dreadful a pestilence, that the living could hardly bury the dead. About the same time, king William, provoked by his brother Robert's not observing the treaty which he had made, crossed over into Normandy ; and, when the brothers met at a conference, the jurors on both side3 threw the whole blame upon the king. William, however, paying no attention to them, and leaving the conference in anger, assaulted and took the castle of Bure. On the other hand, the duke took the castle of Argenton, and therein made prisoner the king's counsellor, Roger of Poitou, with seven hundred knights. After this he took the castle of Hulni also. In the meantime the king raised twenty thousand foot soldiers in England to meet him in Normandy ; but when they were * Donald, as he is commonly called.