a repulse ? However, let your decision be reduced to writing, and considered hereafter to he law." Then the aforesaid knight was conducted to prison, that he might not by being left unpunished arm the audacity of others, and that the rigour of his treatment might strike others with fear. And a few days afterwards, through the exertions of many of the nobles of the kingdom, thirty of his peers offering themselves, girt with their swords, their bodies for his body, and their properties for his property, all united, to be forfeited on the day that the king summoned him, and he failed to appear, he was released, and restored by the king to all his possessions. About this time, there was published a new commission of inquiry, which is called in English CrapUebae*ton, against all who intrude into the property of others" and who, presuming on the fear of the owners who complained, alienated their estates and lands, making them the property of more powerful persons. And it was also directed against hired assaulters of men, who having been hired by one man, were willing for a sum of money to beat another ; and again, for a double payment, or more, received from him who had been assaulted, to beat him who had been hired still more severely. And also against those hired parties who were ready to seize upon churches, lands, and other tenements, by violence and force of arms, in violation of justice. Against all such infringers of peace, and ravishers, and incendiaries, and murderers, and opposero, and false judges, different justiciaries are sent throughout England, by this commission, to exact vengeance among the poor people, and severely to reprove the rich. And by this commission many were executed, many were found guilty, and a few were found not guilty, So rigidly did the justice of this coercion proceed, that the father did not spare his own son, but reproved and chastised him. And many, being terrified and alarmed, of their own accord went into baniehinent, and the treasury prospered in consequence of their flight, and the redemption of themselves by money. In those days, the cardinals of Rome, after disagreeing with one another about the election of a pontiff of the Apostolic See, at length, looking to a distance, cast their mind's eye beyond the Alps, upon the archbishop of Bourdeaux, by name Bertram, of Anjou, and on the day of Pentecost unanimously elected him pope, and he assumed the name of Clement the Fifth.