troubles to the church were near at hand, recited some actions of the Roman court in the presence of his chaplains, and bitterly accused the Preaching Brothers and the Minor Brothers, saying that their orders had been established in voluntary poverty, that they might have spirit more freely to reprove the errors of the nobles ; but in that they did not reprove the sins of the nobles boldly, he said, that they were manifest heretics, and he added, " Heresy is an opinion chosen by human sense, contrary to Holy Scriptures, openly taught, and pertinaciously defended. For heresy* is in Greek what election is in Latin. But to give the care of souls to a young child is the act of a prelate, which he elects to do according to his human sense, from yielding to the flesh, or out of rashness, and is contrary to Holy Scripture* which forbids those persons to be made shepherds who are not able to keep off the wolves ; and such an opinion or action is openly taught, because the sealed or bulled charter is openly shown ; and it is pertinaciously defended, because if any one opposes it he is suspended or excommunicated. And he in whom the whole definition of heresy agrees is a heretic. But every faithful believer is bound to oppose heretics as much as he can; he, therefore, who can oppose them, and does not oppose them, sins, and appears to be a favourer of error, according tò that saying of Gregory, ' He is not free from suspicion of a secret complicity in the act, who declines to oppose a manifest crime.' But when the aforesaid bishop had said this and many other melancholy things about the state of the church, with a querulous voice, he departed happily from the exile of this world which he had always hated, to be with the Lord, dying on the night of Saint Denis, at his manor of Bugden. But the same night, as it is said, Fulk, bishop of London, when he was near that manor, heard some most beautiful music sounding on high ; also some of the Minor Brothers, who were hastening towards that spot, and who were ignorant of his death, heard a sweet sound of bells ringing on high, among which they particularly remarked one very sweet note of especial beauty and distinctness. And afterwards, both the bishop and the brothers knew that the hour of that vision, or rather hearing, was the very one in which the aforesaid holy bishop departed happily from the body. This Robert, bishop of Lincoln, derived his origin from a family in the lower part of Suffolk, in the * αϊρεσις, from αϊρίω, to choose ; election, from elico, to choose.