tested that he would observe inviolably, and thus obtained the consent which he desired from them and from the other nobles, to the subsidy which he required for his pilgrimage. Accordingly, there was granted to the king one tenth part of all the ecclesiastical revenues for three years, and from the knights a scutage1 for that year, at the rate of three marks for each shield. And the king promised in all good faith that he would inviolably observe all those things which he had on other occasions repeatedly sworn to, and which had been originally granted by his father John. And that they might feel more sure of his promise, he ordered sentence to that effect to be publicly pronounced in his presence, which was also done in the following manner : — The sentence of excommunication pronounced against the transgressors of the liberty of the church. Accordingly, on the third of May, in the larger royal palace at Westminster, in the presence of, and under the authority of the lord Henry, by the grace of God, king of England, &c. &c. And after this was done, the charter of his father John was produced before the assembly, in which the said king John had granted the same things of his own absolute will, out of which charter they caused the aforesaid liberties to be recited. But while the King was listening to the aforesaid sentence, he held his band to his breast with a serene and willing countenance ; and at last, when all the tapers had been thrown down and were smoking, each person said, " So may all those who transgress this sentence be extinguished and sunk in hell ; " and the king, with all those who were standing by, answered, " Amen, Amen." But Robert, bishop of Lincoln, suspecting the stability of this affair, immediately caused the aforesaid sentence to be repeated throughout the whole diocese of Lincoln. About this time, the citizens of Bourdeaux intimated to the king, that unless he came speedily into Guienne, he would lose everything, adding, that in consequence of the tyranny of Simon, earl of Leicester, he had already lost many subjects and friends ; which was false, because the earl had repeatedly subdued many rebellious and powerful persons, and compelled them to submit to the king's authority. Therefore, the king caused proclamation to he made by the yoke of a herald 1 From seutum, a shield.