hie own sins, so abject, and deprived by the Lord of all honour and dignity ; and we denounce him by name, and by our formal sentence deprive him, and for ever absolve all those who are bound to him by an oath of fealty, from that oath, by our apostolic authority, positively forbidding any one for the future obeying him as either emperor or king, or giving him advice or assistance, or showing him favour, under penalty of lying himself under the sentence of excommunication b y the mere act. And let those to whom the election in the aforesaid empire belongs, freely elect a successor to Jiim. For the kingdom of Sicily before mentioned, we will ourselves provide, with the advice of our brethren, as we shall see fit. Given at Lyons, on the sixteenth of July, in the third year of our pontificate." This sentence then being thus brought forward in the middle of the council, struck all men with no slight fear ; therefore Thaddeus, and the other procurators of the emperor, departed in confusion. Moreover, the pope determined to pass many edicts in this same council, touching the restoration of the Holy Land and the execution of justice, all which a diligent inquirer will be be able to find regularly drawn up. But what I have hitherto been recording, I thought ought not to be passed over, in order that the causes might be more fully known why the lord the pope, Innocent the Fourth, precipitated Frederic from the throne of the empire. When.these circumstances had come to the knowledge of Frederic, he was excessively indignant, and wrote a letter to the lord the king of England, and also to the king of France, and to several other princes, in the end of which letter he caused it to be plainly understood that it was his intention to treat as nothing the dignity and nobility of the universal church, and to reduce the church itself to its state of pristine poverty and primitive humility. By which expression, though intending to excuse, he shamelessly accused himself. In the meantime, the lord the king remaining in the districts of Wales with his army, straitened the Welch very much by famine and scarcity, and, as the custom of war is, he often invaded them to their great injury. In which invasions he on some occasions gloriously accomplished his object, but often, on the other hand, he came worst off. At length, having depopulated that district which is called Anglesey, he strength