in battle, on the second of February, by William de Kahaynes, near Lincoln. (And Winchester was destroyed on the fourteenth of September.) The king was conducted to the empress, and placed in custody, in the castle of Bristol. The city of London was surrendered to* the empress, but soon afterwards, she was driven from thence, namely, on the twentyfourth of Jane. Immediately afterwards, during the same summer, the tower of London was besieged by the Londoners, and it was held and defended stoutly by William de Mandeville. The empress, also, with her uncle, the king of Scotland, David, and her brother Robert, besieged the castle of'the bishop of Winchester. But William of Ypres and the Londoners compelled her to retire from that city. Robert, earl of Gloucester, was taken prisoner, on the day of the festival of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. But, in return for his release, the king also was released on the feast of All Saints, and was restored to his kingdom. The same year, Hugh de Saint Victor died, on the tenth of February. About this time, Valeran, count de Mellent, who was the chief of all the nobles of Normandy, made peace with Geoffrey of Anjou, and gave him the castles of Montfort and Valaise, and then, all the powerful chiefs about the river Seine, as far as Ripa Risle, submitted to him, and acknowledged fealty to him. The same year, Gilbert, bishop of London, died, who was called the Universal, and was succeeded in his bishopric by Robert de Sigii. King Stephen lesieged the empress, who, however, escaped. Robert, bishop of London was takenprisoner. King Stephen took prisoner William de Mandevitte. A.D. 1142. King Stephen besieged the empress at Oxford for a long time, but at length she escaped. Robert, bishop of London, was taken prisoner at Fulham, by Geoffrey de Mandeville, on the twenty-third of June. William, bishop of Lincoln and legate of the Apostolic See, held a council in the middle of Lent, the king and many bishops being present. No honour or reverence was paid to the church of God or to men in holy orders, but clergy and laity were, all alike, taken, imprisoned, and put to death. But at that council, a decision was given, that if any one violated the sanctity of a church or cemetery, or laid violent hands on a man belonging to a monastic order, he could be absolved by no one but the pope.