who, in September, was hanged as a traitor. In the spring of 1557, Elizabeth, during her abode at Somerset House, paid Mary frequent friendly visits, which the Queen returned by a progress to tbe Princess at Hatfield, and by inviting her to a splendid banquet and pageant at Richmond. About this time, Philip endeavoured to force the Princess to espouse, first, his friend the Prince of Saxony, and afterwards Eric, heir of the great Gustavus Vasa, King of Sweden, liut when Mary found she conscientiously objected to the matches, she made common cause with her against Philip, and for once had the resolution to oppose the will of her husband, by refusing to compel Elizabeth to marry against her will. In March, Philip re-visited Mary, for the purpose of forcing England into a war with France. She left the decision to her council, who, as the French monarch had played the false friend to her, and incited plots to dethrone her, willingly gratified his wish, The Queen borrowed money to equip her army at the very high interest of twelve per cent. ; and she pardoned most of the rebels in the late insurrection, on condition that they joined this army. Philip left England in July. In August, the Prince of Savoy won "for him the victory of St. Quintin ; but this dearly-purchased acquisition was followed by tbe loss of Calais, in the subsequent January ; and a war with Scotland, which was then united with France under one royal family. The Scots having burst over the border, Mary resolved to head an expedition against them in person. She had the will but not the strength for such an effort. The loss of Calais overwhelmed her with woe, and increased her bodily weakness. "I f mv breast is opened after death," she said, "the word Calais will be found engraven on my heart." In August, 1-5-58, she experienced a febrile indisposition at Hampton Court, and, as she grew worse, removed to St. James's. II ere it became evident that her disease was the same fever which, during tbe wet, ungenial seasons that marked her reign, had proved fatal to thousands of her subjects. The tidings of the death of the Emperor, in September, 1558, filled her with sorrow, and produced a violent relapse of the fever. On tbe ninth of November, Conde dc Eeria arrived with a letter and a ring from Philip to his dying wife, and with secret orders to secure for him the goodwill of the heir to the crown. Mary, who had already named her sister as her successor, cordially welcomed him ; and a few days afterwards, sent Jane Dormer, afterwards Duchess of Feria, to deliver her jewels* to Elizabeth, and to request her to be good to her servants, pay the debts she had contracted on the privy seal, and support the Popish church. *' Elizabeth," says the Duchess, " swore to comply with these requests ; and she prayed God that the earth might open aud swallow her up alive, if she was not a true Koman Catholic." Whilst the hand of death was on the Queen, the council pushed forward the religious persecution with murderous zeal. Even Underbill, the Hot Gospeller, although one of Mary's household, was threatened ; but the bold Protestant de clared, that if any one dared to serve him with a warrant not duly signed by five of the council, he would cut his head off his shoulders—a remark which induces a belief that many of the enor mities committed in Mary's reign were not even legally sanctioned by the exe cutive. As lSurnet says, " during the persecution, seldom more than three of the council sat in consultation, and these councils were never attended by the Queen nor by Cardinal Pole." When it became evident that the hand of death was on Mary, the court deserted her to pay adulation to Elizabeth, their lutare sovereign. Her real friends, how ever, remained by her bedside to lighten her dying moments. On tbe sixteenth of November, her dissolution commenced: she remained composed, cheerful, and conscious to the last momcut. About four in the morning, on the seventeenth, * To claim the merit to himself of sending these jewels, Philip caused a present of his own to be added—a valuable casket that he had left at St. James's, and which he knew i Elizabeth greatly admired.