other artillery. But the conflict consisted of blows given to each other by battle-axes, swords, butts of spears, all mixed together. From all I saw, my knights and myself, all wounded as we were, were very impatient to join the battle with the others. Shortly after one of my esquires, who had once fled from my banner, came to me, and brought me one of my Flemish war-horses : I was soon mounted, and rode by the side of the king, whom I found attended by that discreet man, Sir John de Valeri. Sir John seeing the king desirous to enter into the midst of the battle, advised him to make for the riverside, on the right, in order that in case there should be any danger, he might have support from the duke of Burgundy and his army, which had been left behind to guard the camp ; and likewise that his men might be refreshed, and have wherewith to quench their thirst ; for the weather was at this moment exceedingly hot. The king sent orders for his barons, knights, and others of his council, to quit the Turkish army, and on their arrival, demanded their counsel, what was best to be done. Several answered, that the good knight, Sir John de Valeri, now by his side, would give him the best advice. Then, according to the former opinion of Sir John de Valeri, which many agreed was good, the king turned to the right hand, and advanced toward the river. As this was doing, Sir Humbert de Beaujeu, constable of France, came up, and told the king that his brother, the count d'Artois, was much pressed in a house at Massourn, where, however, he defended himself gallantly, bnt that he would need speedy assistance ; and entreated the king to go to his aid. The king replied, " Constable, spur forward, them. It is certain that the above-mentioned arms have been forbidden at various times by the popes, and particularly at the council held at Rome under Pope Innocent 11. in the year 1139, ch. 29. The emperor Conrad was one of the Christian princes who forbade their use for similar reasons. From whence it is easy to judge, that we must interpret favourably the terms of the Breton poet, when, in the second book of his Philippine, he says that Richard 1., king of England, invented cross-bows ; it mu»t be explained by his meaning that King Richard revived the nse of them during his reign. This is so strictly true, that in every action we read of in the histories of the first crusades, Jhey made use of bows and crossbows.