THE ANGLICAN LAWS AND STATUTES. A.D. 1180. 539 with us, or who shall have come after us, shall be under our protection. And if any one of them shall be slain, his superior lord, if he can, is, within fifteen days, to arrest his murderer ; but if not then, he is to begin to pay to us forty-six marks of silver, 6 0 far as the property of the said lord shall last. But where the property of the lord shall not suffice, then the whole hundred, in which the murder took place, shall pay in common what remains unpaid. Also, every person who is a Frank'by birth, and was in the time of Edward, our kinsman, residing in England, and subject tothe customs of the English, which they call ' Anlote' or ' Anscotc,'6 1 is to pay the same according to the laws of the English.' This claim was made and confirmed in the city of Gloucester.'2 ' We do also forbid that any live stock shall be sold or bought except within cities, and then in the presence of three fdthful witnesses, and that anything second-hand62* shall be sold without a security and warranty for the same. And if any person shall do otherwise, he is to pay back the money, and then a penalty [to the king].' It was also there enacted, that if a Frank by birth should accuse an Englishman of perjury, murder, theft, ho; micide, or ' ran,'63 whereby is meant open robbery, which cannot be denied, the Englishman was to defend himself in such ι manner as he should think best, either by judgment by I iron,64 or by wager of battle. But if the Englishman should happen to be infirm, then he was to find some one to do so in ι his stead. If either of them should be conquered, he was to pay to the king a penalty of forty shillings. ' But if any Enj glishman shall charge a Frank by birth [therewith], and shall J be ready to prove the same by the judgment or by duel, then our will is, that the Frank shall clear himself by oath, not [t)y the judgment] by iron. This also we do command, that all shall observe the laws of king Edward in all respects, with the addition of what we have for the benefit of the English enacted. Every man who shall assert himself to be free, shall be on suretyship,63 in order that his surety may produce him « This was a tax which was to be paid in equal shares, one scot and one lot. 6 2 In civitate Claudia. *2* Lambarde suggests " necessaria," " necessaries ; " Wilkins has " vendita," " things already sold." " Vetusta." as in the text, is most probably correct. ω This Saxon word is still perpetuated in our saying, " to take all one can wrap and rend." 6 1 Holding red hot iron in the hand unharmed. 6 5 Alluding to the institution of Frank-pledge.