tence which our venerable brother Hugh, bishop of Durham, has pronounced upon the rebellious and contumacious,5'we shall, with God's assistance, confirm and order to be strietlyobserved." Another Letter of pope Alexander on the same subject. " Alexander, the bishop, servant of the servants of God, to his venerable brethren, and his dearly beloved sons the prelates of churches appointed throughout Scotland, health and the Apostolic benediction. Whereas it has been notified unto us, that Hugh, who had been intruded upon the church of Saint Andrew's in Scotland, having unlawfully withheld the episcopal vessels,53 the crozier and ring, and other things which he had without good reason taken away, and, having been frequently warned thereon to return to a sense of his duty, despised the said warnings ; on which our dearly beloved son Alexis, the subdeacon and legate of the Apostolic See, in presence of yourselves and many of the clergy and people, relying upon the Apostolic authority, called upon him, under pain of excommunication, within fifteen days either to restore what he had taken away or carried off, or else to make becoming satisfaction for the same. And whereas, he, persisting in the sin of his arrogance, has in no way listened to the warnings of our legate aforesaid. We therefore of our authority, confirming the sentence pronounced Ì by him, do by these Apostolic writings order and enjoin the whole of you, that you do forthwith, relying on the grace of ι God, and all fear laid aside, and no appeal whatever with-• standing, denounce him as under the ban of excommunica-· tion, and carefully avoid him as excommunicated, until such ι time as he shall restore to our brother, John, bishop of Saint : Andrew's, and his church, such of the things above mentioned | as he has taken away, or an equivalent for the same, and make ι proper satisfaction for such other things as he has made away | with." In addition to this, our lord, the pope, gave to Roger, the archbishop of York, the legateship in Scotland, and ordered I him, together with Hugh, bishop of Durham, to pronounce · sentence of excommunication upon the king of the Scots, and place his kingdom under an interdict, unless he should allow « the aforesaid John to hold his bishopric in peace, and give him> 5 7 " Praecipiemus" seems to be the proper reading, and not " pracipimus." a " Capellam." The " capella " of a bishop was the materiel which were employed by him in the performance of his sacred offices.