A.D. 1180. CHARGES AGAINST TH E DT/KE OF SAXONT. 523 our vassals have made oath after us, that in good faith they will counsel us to observe what we have sworn, and not give us advice to disregard the same." In the same year, Frederic, emperor of the Romans, expelled from his kingdom Henry, duke of Saxony ; the cause of whose expulsion was as follows :—It must first, however, be observed, that there were ten princes appointed to be custodians of the gates of the city of Cologne, whose names were as follows :— The duke of Lemburg, The duke of Saxony, - The duke of Saringes, The duke of Saxland, The duke of Louvaine, The count de Wilch, The count de Loo, The count de Gerle, The count Palatine of the Rhone, The count de Larmval. Now, these ten are liegemen of the archbishop of Cologne, and receive yearly from the property of Saint Peter at Cologne two thousand marks of silver, as the pay for their custodianships. In addition to this, the archbishop of Cologne has large revenues, most of which are in the dukedom of Saxony, and which Henry, duke of Saxony, the son-in-law of Henry, king of England, unjustly seized, and withheld from the archbishop. In consequence of this, Reginald, archbishop of Cologne, made complaint to his lord, Frederic, emperor of the Romans : in addition to which, the before-named emperor charged the aforesaid duke with perjury, with breach of faith, and with high treason towards himself; and caused him to be summoned to appesir in his court to give satisfaction both to himself and to the archbishop of Cologne. Having received, therefore, a safe conduct both in coming and returning, the duke made his appearance ; and, after many charges had been made against him, both as to his breach of faith, his perjury, his high treason towards the emperor, and the injuries ho had committed towards the archbishop of Cologne, when it was his duty, after taking counsel with his own people, to make answer to the charges so made, he mounted his horse, and, without giving any answer, returned home ; on which the emperor demanded that judgment should be pronounced against him, and he was