512 · ANNALS OE KOGEK DE HOTEDEN. A.D. 1179. of reading and of improving may not be -withheld from the poor who cannot be assisted by the means of their relations, in each cathedral church a certain competent provision is to be made for a master, who is to teach gratuitously the clerks of the said church and the poor scholars, in order that thereby the necessities of the teacher may be relieved, and a way may be opened to learning for those who are studying ; in other churches or monasteries, also, this is to be rectified, if in past times any curtailment shall chance to have been made therein. For a licence to teach no one is to demand any fee whatever, nor is he, under pretext of any custom, to make any demand of those who teach ; nor yet, when a licence has been given, is he to forbid any one to teach who is fitted for so doing. The person who shall presume to contravene this enactment, is to be deprived of all ecclesiastical benefices. For it seems only proper and becoming, that, in the Church of God, he should not gain the fruit of his labours who, in the cupidity of his mind, endeavours, while he is selling a licence to teach, to obstruct the profit of the Church. That clerks shall not presume to undertake secular business. " Clerks in archdeacon's orders, and above, as well as those of a lower grade, if they are supported by ecclesiastical salaries, are not to presume to act as advocates before secular judges in forensic business, unless they are prosecuting their own cause or that of the Church, or chance to be acting on behalf of distressed persons, who cannot manage their own causes. And neither is any clerk to presume to act the part of procurator of a town, or to exercise any secular jurisdiction under any princes or men of secular power, so as to act as their justiciaries. And if any person shall presume to contravene this enactment, because he acts in a worldly manner, contrary to the doctrine of the Apostle, when he says that no one who fights for God busies himself with the affairs of this world, he is to be removed from the ecclesiastial office, because, neglecting his clerical duties, he has plunged into the waves of the world in order to please the powerful. We do also decree that strict punishment is to ensue, if any person in religious orders shall presume to attempt to do any of the things aforesaid.