312 ANNALS OF llOGEB BE KOVEBEN. .A.D. 11C8. In this year Robert de Cheney, bishop of Lincoln, departed this life, on the sixth day before the ides of January. In the same year, Almaric, king of Jerusalem, took Babylon, and rendered it tributary to himself. In the year of grace 1168, being the fourteenth year of the reign of king Henry, son of the empress Matilda, Bichard, earl of Striguil,82 assembling a great army, invaded Ireland, and subdued the greater part of it, with the assistance of Milo de Coggeham, a warlike soldier, and then, making a treaty with the king at Dublin, received his daughter as his wife, together with the kingdom of Dublin. Lu the same year died Guido of Crema, the second anti-pope, and was succeeded by John, abbat of Stamine, who was styled pope Calixtus. In the same year died Bobert, earl of Leicester, chief justiciary of England. Hie Letter of the Messed Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury, to Gilbert, bishop of London, with reference tp the sentence pronounced against him. "Thomas, by the grace of God, archbishop of Canterbury, and legate of the Apostolic See, to Gilbert, bishop of London, —would indeed that he could say, his brother,—may he turn away from evil and do what is good. Your extravagances we have borne with, so long as we could, and we hope that our endurance and long-suffering, which have been to ourselves detrimental beyond measure, may not redound to the injury of the whole Church. But inasmuch as you have always abused our patience, and have not been willing to listen to our lord the pope or ourselves in the advice which concerned your salvation, Dut rather, your obstinacy has been always increasing for the worse ; at length, the necessities of our duty and the requirements of the law forcing us thereto, we have, for just and manifest causes, smitten and excommunicated you with the sentence of anathema, and have cut you off from the body of Christ, which is the Church, until you make condign satisfaction. Therefore, by virtue of your obedience, and at the peril of your salvation, of your dignity and of your priestly orders, as the form of the Church prescribes, we do command you to abstain from aB communion with the faithful ; lest by coming in ,.· * Strigulia, the Latin name of Chepstow, of which Richard Strongbow was earl, as also earl of Pembroke.