consecration ought to be performed by the archbishop of Canterbury, according as the ancient usage and that observed up to the present time required ; in answer to which, the successor of the Apostles replied : " It is our wish to do no injustice to the church of Canterbury, but maintaining its dignity, we will do that which we purpose." Nevertheless, Turstin was consecrated by the successor of the Apostles, Banulph, the bishop of Durham, who had been sent by the king to prevent his consecration, not having yet arrived; he, however, arrived some time after. On the following day the council was held, and all persons taking their seats in the order of their ecclesiastical rank, and Louis, king of the Franks, and many other men of the highest station being there seated, by the consent of all the fathers, the statutes of enactment and of prohibition49 were renewed, of which these are the five heads. ' ' The laws which, by the sanction of the holy fathers, have been established in relation to simo-niacal sin, we do also, by the judgment of the Holy Ghost and the authority of the Apostolic See, confirm. If any one therefore, shall, either by himself or by any person suborned thereto, buy or sell any bishopric, abbacy, priory, archdeaconry, presbytery, provostship, prebend, altar, or any ecclesiastical benefices, dignities, ordinations, consecrations, dedications of churches, clerical tonsure, seat in the choir, or any ecclesiastical duties, let both seller and buyer be subject to the peril of losing their dignities, offices, and benefices ; and, unless he shall repent, let him be pierced by the point of anathema, and in every way cut off from the church of God, which he has injured. The investiture of bishoprics, abbacies, or any ecclesiactieal possessions whatsoever, we do utterly forbid to be performed by lay hands ; whoever, therefore, of the laity shall henceforth presume to give investiture, let him be subject to the penalties of anathema : and further, let him who has received such investiture be utterly, without hope of recovery thereof, deprived of the honor with which he has been invested. The universal possessions of the churches we do decree to be unshaken and inviolate for everlasting. But if any one shall take them away, or seize them, or by tyrannical power withhold the same, let him be smitten everlastingly with anathema, according to that decree of Saint Symmachus, which 69 " Statuta de statuendis, et rescidenda de rescidendis." 210 ANNALS OF SOGER DE HOVEDEN. AD. 1119.