Α.Π. 1087. WILLIAM THE YOUSGEB SUCCEEDS. 169 Barn, and Wulnoth, the brother of king Harold, whom he had kept in confinement from his chBdhood, and aB besides whom he had imprisoned, either in Normandy or England. After this, he gave the kingdom of England to his son WiUiam, and, to his eldest son, Robert, who was then in exBe in Eranee, he left the dukedom of Normandy. And then, being fortified with the heavenly viaticum," after having reigned over the English nation twenty years, ten months, and twenty-eight days, he parted with his kingdom and his life, on the fifth day before the ides of September, and, having been there interred, rests at Caen, in the church of Saint Stephen the Proto-martyr, which he had buBt from the foundation, and amply endowed. WILLIAM THE YOUNGER. On this, his son, William, repaired to England with aU haste, taking with him Morcar and Wuhaoth, but, shortly after his arrival at Winchester, he consigned them to the same strict confinement as before ; after which, on the sixth day before Jhe calends of October, being the Lord's day, he was consecrated king at Westminster, by Lanfranc, archbishop of Canterbury. Then, rehirning to Winchester, he distributed the treasures of his father, as he himseR had commanded, throughout England ; that is to say, to some of the principal churches ten golden marks, to some six, and to some less. To each of the churches situate in country places76 he ordered five shillings to be given, and crosses, altars, shrines, text-books,77 candlesticks, chaBces, pipes,7* and various ornaments, embellished with gold, sBver, 75 The consecrated wafer, administered to the dying, "in articulo mortis." 76 The words are " in villis sitis." The allusion is to the parish churches throughout the country. 77 This seems the best translation for " textos," which means the book of the Gospels, which was generally adorned with gold and jewels, and kept in the treasury of the monastery, and laid on the altar on Saints'-days and Sundays. 78 " Fistulas." Allusion is made to the pipes which (in the early centuries of the church, when the Holy Eucharist was administered to the laity in both kinds,) were used by the communicants for the purpose of sucking the wine out of the cup. The object of this seems to have been that, by the use of several pipes, more than one might partake of it at the same time.