him in the presence of Philip, king of the Pranks, fled to Prance, and, with the aid of king Philip, frequently committed great depredations in Normandy, burning towns and slaying men, and thus caused no little trouble and anxiety to his father. In the year 1078, after the Assumption of Saint Mary, Malcolm, king of the Scots, laid waste Northumbria, as far as the great river Tyne; and having slain many persons and captured more, returned home with a large amount of spoil. In the year 1079, king William, while attacking his son Robert before the castle of Gerbohtret, which king Philip had given to. him, being wounded by him in the arm, was thrown from his charger, but immediately, on Robert recognizing his voice, he dismounted, and bade him mount his own horse, and so let him depart ; on which, many of his men having been slain, and some taken prisoners, and his son William and many others wounded, he took to flight. The venerable man Robert, who had received priests' orders, at the hands of the most reverend Wnlstan, the bishop of Worcester, was ordained bishop of Hereford, at Canterbury, by Lanfranc, the archbishop. This took place on the fourth day before the calends of January, being the Lord's day. In the year 1080,63 Walcher, bishop of Durham, a native of Lorraine, and a man distinguished for his virtues, was, without reason, murdered by the Northumbrians, at a place which is called Gatesheued,64 that is to say, the " goat's head," on the day before the ides of May, being the fifth day of the week ; which act was done in revenge for Liulph, a man of noble birth •and high rank. This person, by hereditary right, was entitled to many possessions throughout England ; but, because in those times the Normans were incessantly giving loose in every direction to their savage propensities, he betook himself with all his family to Durham, as he was sincerely attached to the memory of Saint Cuthbert. His wife was Adgitha, daughter of earl Aldred, by whom he had two sons, Ucthred and Morcar. The sister of this Adgitha was Elfleda, the mother of earl Waltheof ; for which reason that earl entrusted his little cousin, Morcar, to 63 This event is placed by Roger of Wendover in the year 1075. He gives a very different account of the circumstances attending it. 61 Gateshead. 160 ANNALS OF KOGEK DE HOVEDEN. A.D.1080.