he had counselled and aided those who had slain the earl49 at Durham, and had taken part with the enemy when the Normans were slain at York. After his deprivation, Wal-theof was raised to the earldom, to which he was entitled both on his father's and his mother's side, being the son of earl Siward, by Elfrida, the daughter of Ealdred, who was formerly earl. At this period, that is to say, when the king was returning from Scotland, he built a eastle at Durham, where the bishop and his people might enjoy security from the incursions of the enemy ; and, as some of the Normans disbelieved that the blessed Cuthbert either was a Saint, or that his body was kept there, at the feast of All Saints, while the bishop was celebrating the mass, the king ordered his two ehaplains to enter the sanctuary, and to open the tomb and examine, both by seeing and touching, whether the holy body was deposited there. For the king had previously declared that, if it was not there, all the elders should be put to death. Upon this, all being in great consternation, the ehaplains were just about to perform his commands. Now at this period, the eold weather was very severe; but, in the meantime, the king began to feel overpowered by an intolerable heat, and to perspire most copiously, and to be attacked with an excessive trembling; so, at once sending to his chaplains, he ordered them not to presume to touch the tomb. Immediately after this he mounted his horse, and ceased not to ride at its utmost speed till he reaehed the river Tees. From that time forward he held this Saint in the highest esteem, and confirmed the more favored laws and eustoms of that chureh, which it had received in time past, for perpetual observance, and in addition thereto, gave and granted, and by eharter confirmed to God and Saint Cuthbert, and the prior and monks there serving God, for a pure and perpetual almsgiving, his royal manor consisting of the vili of Heming-burgh, with all the lands, of Brakenholm, with all the lands thereto adjoining, together with the church of the vili aforesaid, and all things thereto pertaining in wood and plain, in moor and meadow, in forest and marsh, together with the water-mills and ponds, with mere50 and mere,01 and sac,52 and 43 Robert Cummin. 60 The right of holding markets. 51 Probably right of piscary. 52 The lord's right of trying litigated causes among his vassals, and levying fines. 152 ANNALS OF BOGEB, DE HOVEDEN. A.D. 1072.